LNG

Kuwait has taken 28 LNG cargoes so far this year, 2.17 million tons on an arrival-date basis to 23 July, and every one of them loaded at Ras Laffan. The last cargo from anywhere else was the LNG Borno out of Bonny Island, which discharged at Al Zour on 31 October 2025. Nothing has berthed at the terminal since 15 July.

Cash-rich incumbents are leading the next wave of brownfield US LNG expansions, as the Iran war has escalated project costs, disproportionately disadvantaging greenfield projects – such as Argent LNG – that lack existing infrastructure.

Trump trade policies could deeply impact global gas markets: “His opening salvo in a US-China trade war has been fired, with 10% tariffs on Chinese goods and retaliatory 15% tariffs on US LNG, while his stance on Russia remains unclear," Rystad Energy commented. Closer to home, Trump's 10% tariff on Canadian gas drives up prices, squeezes profit margins of smaller producers and could potentially lead to production cuts and delayed investments.

If tensions between Iran and Israel escalate into a regional war scenario, it could severely impact regional oil and gas exports as well as global shipping routes. Attacks on key facilities could wipe out nearly 1.4 million bpd of Iranian production and a full-blown war would choke the Strait of Hormuz, risking up to 12 million bpd of oil, analysts warn.

Upstream activity in Iran, so far, has stayed steadfast despite fighting following Hamas’ assault on Israel in October 2023. Iran's production rose by 227,000 bpd to 3.27 million bpd in August year-on-year, while Israel’s gas output grew 15% in 2023 and is expected to rise by 5% this year, supported by the Karish field.

Some $2 billion in greenfield investment had been planned for various upstream projects in the coming years. But production at the Karish and Katlan fields could be severely reduced if regional tensions escalate, hence future production and exports are at risk.

Anticipating the future is challenging, Rystad’s Middle East research director, Aditya Saraswat noted. So far – with no direct attacks between Iran and Israel, the conflict is largely a ‘proxy war’. As of today, there have not occurred major assaults on critical oil and gas infrastructure such as pipelines, storage facilities, or refineries.

All eyes on maritime borders

If things get worse, the maritime border agreement between Israel and Lebanon, signed in October 2022, could be torn to pieces. The agreement defines each country's rights over the Karish and Qana fields, with Israel retaining full rights to Karish and Lebanon to Qana.

“Escalating tensions could lead to the nullification of this agreement, affecting Israel's production from the Karish field, which is currently used for domestic supply,” Saraswat reckons, suggesting: “This disruption may also impact Israel's gas exports to Egypt and Jordan, which saw significant growth in 2023.

“Any decline in production and exports from Karish could be offset by increased output from other major fields like Tamar and Leviathan,” he noted.

The fields hold about 88 billion cubic meters (Bcm) of cumulative proven and probable (2P) reserves. Together, they form the independent’s core area of operation – following the divestment of its Croatian, Italian, and Egyptian assets. Production from the Katlan fields (Athena and Zeus) is expected to start by 2027.

All these fields are located near the Karish field near Lebanon’s maritime border, so analyst warn that any significant unrest could delay start-up.

Amid rising tensions, PetroChina considers suspending its US LNG purchases for delivery this winter. Location swaps of cargoes might help sort matter, with Japan and South Korea expected to step up imports of American LNG in order to sell some cargoes onward to Chinese buyers.