Norway’s Equinor has delivered its first LNG cargo India's Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corp. (DFPCL), marking the start of a 15-year supply agreement that will deliver 9.75 million tonnes of LNG to support ammonia and fertilizer production.
“The ships are ready, the fuels are missing,” Acceleron Industries summarizes the state of decarbonizing maritime transport. Investment is lagging as LNG offers higher returns than green hydrogen or ammonia.
Japanese technology conglomerate IHI is set to convert selected LNG terminals into ammonia-receiving facilities before 2030. A trial is underway at JERA’s Hekinan thermal power unit 4 to pilot ammonia combustion technology.
LNG demand in Japan’s power sector is expected to rise by more than 10% to about 74 million tons by 2040, the government forecasts factoring in a slow build-out of renewables. Unless wind and solar power capacity expands substantially, or the cost of hydrogen and ammonia falls sharply – Japan’s gas demand is bound to increase.
2025 will see hydrogen gain traction as an alternative – potentially rival – fuel to LNG as the U.S. will become the leader in blue hydrogen production, while electrolysers made-in-China drive competition and spur investments in ammonia. Addressing the mismatch between FIDs and offtake contracts will, however, be crucial to scaling hydrogen for power generation and as a fuel for shipping.