LNG

Egypt is seeking to import more LNG as electricity demand this summer is forecast to rise 8% above last year’s peak of 40 Gigawatt. Regasification capacity has been maximised, while the Damietta LNG export terminal gets used to store cargoes for emergency use.

Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS) strives to source more LNG to meet the country’s growing gas deficit via a second floating regas terminal. The ‘Energos Winter’ FSRU, chartered from New Fortress Energy, is currently en route to Damietta Port, where it will join the Energos Eskimo before the end of August.

Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS) is understood to have set a $14/MMBtu cap on spot LNG purchases this summer in response to rising prices in the Atlantic Basin. An additional $2/MMBtu premium is being offered if vendors agree to get payment deferred by one year.

Egypt’s state energy company EGAS has reduced its LNG imports to the Ain Sokhna regas terminal, chartered from Hoegh LNG, by more than a third to 500 million cubic feet per day (mmcf/d). Situated east of Cairo, the Hoegh Gallon FSRU is on an interim charter from the Norwegian shipping company Hoegh, and had been originally destined for Australia.

Front-month price at the TTF, Europe’s most liquid gas trading hub, is recalibrating after a bid from Egypt’s EGAS for 20 LNG cargoes for October-December delivery had tightened supply. With the EGAS tender fully awarded – at a premium to the TTF – the market is now less tense and October gas futures were last seen trading below $11.26/MMBtu.

The Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Co. (EGAS), the government-run energy company with stakes in Egypt’s two LNG export plants and other gas field assets, has established a subsidiary in Saudi Arabia to help attract more investment.

Egypt's Ministry of Petroleum said that the Saudi unit had been set up by EGAS with initial capital of 2 million Saudi riyals ($533,000).

The Egyptians said in their statement that EGAS would own 80 percent of the venture called “Modern Gas Saudi Arabia” and explained that it would be part of the Egypt’s strategy for offshore expansion in the East Mediterranean in cooperation with other Arab nations such as the United Arab Emirates.

EGAS has various stakes, direct and indirect, in Egypt’s expansive oil and gas assets and the two LNG export plants, Damietta and Idku, located east of the port city of Alexandria.

ADNOC-BP deal

Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) and UK major BP said in Mid-February 2024 that they planned to form a joint venture in Egypt that would initially focus on natural gas and incorporate Egyptian concession stakes held by BP.

That joint venture is expected to be formed in the second half of 2024 and will be 51 percent owned by BP and 49 percent by ADNOC.

The BP-ADNOC Egyptian joint venture was originally planned to be the second phase of cooperation between the two companies in the East Med gas and LNG province after the planned acquisition of a 50 percent stake in Israeli gas producer NewMed Energy.

Negotiations on the proposed NewMed agreement for BP and ADNOC started in March 2023, though have now been officially suspended.

As part of the agreement for Egyptian expansion and energy investment by ADNOC, BP will contribute its interests in three development concessions, as well as exploration agreements in Egypt to the new joint venture.

ADNOC will make a proportionate cash contribution which can be used for future growth opportunities.

Gas fields

This is the first major natural gas deal for BP under new Chief Executive Murray Auchincloss.

Both companies said that this new joint venture partnership would enhance Egyptian energy security and the economic potential of the region’s most populous Arab country.

The natural gas concession to be included in the Egyptian joint venture include BP’s 10 percent in the Shorouk block containing Egypt’s huge Zohr gas field.

BP’s 100-percent owned North Damietta interests are also included along with BP’s 50-percent stake in the North El Burg concession with the undeveloped Satis field.

Three other exploration concession included are North El Tabya, Bellatrix-Seti East and the North El Fayrouz block.

Egypt said it was planning to drill around 35 new exploratory natural gas wells in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Nile Delta by 2025 with $1.8 billion in investments in joint ventures with oil and gas majors and with a view to increasing liquefied natural gas production.

The Kingdom of Jordan and Egypt have signed a wide-ranging energy cooperation agreement under which the Egyptians would be able to use the LNG floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) berthed at the port of Aqaba.

A statement said that the FSRU would be at the disposal of Egypt during the remaining period of the vessel’s charter contract.

Jordan would still have flexibility to import occasional LNG cargoes while the FSRU is under contract to Jordan National Electric Power Corp. (NEPCO) until 2025.

the Jordanians started importing LNG in May 2015 when the 160,000 cubic metres capacity “Golar Eskimo” FSRU arrived at Aqaba.

The FSRU, now known as the “Energos Eskimo”, is currently operated by Energos, a joint venture owner of a small fleet of vessels and held be New York-based LNG player New Fortress Energy Inc. and the US Apollo infrastructure fund.

Proposals

The vessel at Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Port in Aqaba can receive 500 million standard cubic feet per day with a peaking capacity of 750 million per day.

The Jordan-Egypt agreement followed a meeting in Amman between energy executives and ministers from both countries and analysts said that it signals the start of more regional Arab cooperation in natural gas infrastructure for economic development.

A Jordanian statement said that those in attendance included Amjad Rawashdeh, the Director General of Jordan’s NEPCO and Magdy Galal, the Chairman of the Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS).

Others present included Jordan’s Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Saleh Kharabsheh and the Egyptian Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Tarek El-Mulla.

“The main objective of the agreement is to benefit from the resources of the two countries with higher efficiency at a lower cost, stressing that the use of the floating vessel in Aqaba will run until the end of its charter contract in late 2025, after which a coastal regasification facility would be completed,” said the statement.

Kharabsheh said that his Ministry was now in the process of issuing tenders for the new import terminal hub and that a perspective on how far the designs meet the needs of the two countries will be in place in the next two months.

Regional pipelines

The bilateral agreement is also part of a plan for Jordan to launch a national natural gas programme to supply industry and homes in Amman and the city of Zarqa backed by Egyptian investments

“Egypt has the expertise in domestic gas applications and will help to maximize Jordan's benefit in this field, and the Jordanian-Egyptian cooperation would be extended to implementing a number of other energy projects,” added the statement.

The agreement comes amid huge development plans for the East Mediterranean, including LNG exports by Israel and Cyprus’s Aphrodite field supplying feed gas to Egypt for liquefaction at an Egyptian plant.

Jordan is also an important market for Israel’s surplus gas and was the anchor for development of the first phase of the Leviathan gas project offshore Israel.

Gas connections

More use is expected to be made in the future of the Arab Gas Pipeline (AGP), a 1,200-kilometre trans-regional gas pipeline originally built to carry natural gas from Egypt to Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.

Another regional natural gas pipeline, the East Mediterranean Gas (EMG) pipeline, supplies Egypt with Israeli gas from its East Med fields, Leviathan and Tamar.

The EMG pipeline runs from Ashkelon in Israel to El Arish in Egypt.

The AGP has four sections and the first section extends from El Arish to Aqaba. Its total length is 265 kilometres (164 miles), including a 15km offshore segment running under the Gulf of Aqaba.

The second section runs 390km from Aqaba to El Rehab, which is situated 30km from the Jordanian-Syrian borders.

The third section is 30km in length extending from Jordan (El Rehab) to Syria (Jabber).

The fourth section constitutes part of the gas network in Syria. It runs from Jabber (Syrian side of Jordanian-Syrian borders) to the Syrian-Turkish borders, ending in Lebanon. 

Italian energy company Eni and US major Chevron Corp. have made a “significant” gas discovery in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea offshore Egypt in a follow up for Eni on its huge Zohr gas field that enabled the Egyptians again to become LNG exporters.

Egyptian commitment to exporting surplus natural gas from the domestic market as LNG from the plants at Damietta and Idku, east of Alexandria, may be affected in the future by deliveries to former gas markets in Lebanon and Syria via Jordan.