LNG

European EPC contractor MT Group has been contracted by the e Cobra IS, Sener consortium to implement balance of plant infrastructure at the Brunsbüttel LNG terminal, with project completion scheduled for 2027. Developed by German LNG Terminal, the Brunsbüttel facility will have an initial regasification capacity of up to 10 Bcm/y.

Dutch utility Gasunie, whose network and assets include over 17,000 kilometres of pipelines in the Netherlands and Germany as well as stakes in Dutch and German LNG import facilities, reported a plunge in first-half earnings as the Dutch continued to show dependence on LNG amid the green obsessions and over-regulation of the European Union.

Gasunie, one of the main LNG importers in the Netherlands with global storage giant Vopak, said the company’s EnergyStock subsidiary has issued a call for “expressions of interest” in long-term flexibility Dutch gas storages services.

The Gasunie unit’s main facility is located in the north of the Netherlands and connected to the Dutch gas transmission network at the heart of the Dutch Title Transfer Facility (TTF) benchmark gas market.

“In this turbulent energy market, EnergyStock has experienced scarcity of gas storage services and a market demand for long-term contracts,” the company explained.

“In order to satisfy this demand and give market parties the opportunity to establish certainty in uncertain times, EnergyStock will offer long-term flexibility services for a duration of five to 10 years, with effect from Storage Year 2025,” the statement from Gasunie explained.

Non-binding phase

“As a first step, EnergyStock invites interested market parties to formulate a non-binding ‘Expression of Interest’ for long-term flexibility services,” said Gasunie.

“This process starts on July 2 and interested parties are asked to express their interest no later than 31 July 2024,” it added.

In addition to long-term services, EnergyStock stated that it would continue to offer short-term flexibility services, short lead time rights and interruptible services.

The EnergyStock natural gas is stored in six salt caverns at a depth between 1,000 metres to 1,500 metres and whose gas volume ranges from 5,000 megawatt to 10,000 MWh.

The technical lay-out consists of two tubings per cavern instead of one tubing that results in an exceptionally high injection and withdrawal rates.

Gas is injected into the caverns using electric compressors and is withdrawn using equipment for heating, pressure reduction and gas drying.

“Injection and withdrawal capacity is available 24/7 throughout the year,” said Gasunie.

The facility has high reliability with an efficient short period of yearly maintenance that is principally planned during summer shoulder months.

Supply balancing

“Gasunie aims to facilitate the continuous balancing of supply for its customers and demand of natural gas,” said Gasunie in its statement.

“They achieve this by offering fast-cycle gas storage services using their unique natural gas storage in the northern part of the Netherlands,” it added.

Gasunie’s network is one of the largest high-pressure pipeline networks in Europe, comprising over 17,000 kilometres (10,650 miles) of pipelines in the Netherlands and northern Germany.

The Dutch state-backed utility also has LNG import facility stakes in the Gate terminal in Rotterdam and the Eemshaven import hub in Groningen,

The utility is additionally involved in the German natural gas market and in developing the onshore LNG terminal in Brunsbüttel on the Elbe.

EnergyStock aims to guarantee a transparent process wherein parties have a level playing field.

“We decided to auction our short-term flexibility services for Storage Year 2025 in the fourth quarter of 2024,” said the company.

“Details of the auction will be shared prior to the auction. The capacity and working gas volume to be auctioned will depend on the progress made with long-term agreements,” it added.

WINGAS GmbH, a former subsidiary in Germany of Russia’s Gazprom, has now been rebranded as a part of the SEFE Energy group, which is a business active in LNG import terminals, trading and portfolio management, transportation and storage of energy and is fully owned by the Federal Government of Germany.

The SEFE name comes Securing Energy for Europe (SEFE) GmbH, previously called Gazprom Germania and which came under German control and had its name changed after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and subsequent sanctions and the shutting off of the Nord Stream gas pipelines from Russia to Germany.

The SEFE company also controls Germany’s largest gas storage facility and has capacity through the utility Uniper at the North Sea port of Wilhelmshaven and at Brunsbüttel on the Elbe River.

SEFE also has a stake in Germany’s proposed fifth LNG import terminal at the port of Stade, also located on the Elbe between Hamburg and Cuxhaven.

The German Government acquired all the shares in SEFE in November 2022 and thus became the sole owner of the group of Gazprom companies in Germany.

LNG supply deals

US LNG exporter Venture Global LNG and SEFE have signed a long-term Sales and Purchase Agreement.

Under the agreement, SEFE’s subsidiary, WINGAS GmbH, will purchase 2.25 million tonnes per annum of LNG from Venture Global’s CP2 project to be located next to the existing Calcasieu Pass plant.

SEFE has additionally signed an accord to receive future volumes from Oman.

“This rebranding marks a significant milestone for SEFE, as it brings all of the group’s sales businesses together under one identity across Europe,” said SEFE.

Over the past 30 years, WINGAS has established itself as one of the leading natural gas suppliers in Europe.

Based in the German city of Kassel and with a strong presence across Germany, the company supplies energy-intensive customers across Europe, including municipal utilities, regional gas suppliers, industrial companies and power plants.

In addition to WINGAS’s existing sales business, SEFE Energy also provides gas, electricity, and low carbon energy products to customers in the UK, France, and the Netherlands.

As an integrated sales organisation, SEFE Energy now supplies over 50,000 customers in seven European countries, with a sales volume of around 200 terawatt hours of gas and electricity.

“By leveraging the synergies of our sales teams across Europe, our customers benefit from a more comprehensive offering of energy products and services, helping them achieve their strategic energy goals,” said Matthias Peter, Managing Director of SEFE Energy.

Trading Hub Europe (THE) GmbH, the virtual trading point for Germany’s natural gas market that includes LNG deliveries from nations such as the United States, has opened a tender until June 17 for market-maker services.

Gas Infrastructure Europe (GIE), the association representing the interests of European Union gas infrastructure operators in gas transmission, storage and liquefied natural gas, said the flow of LNG to European terminals hit its lowest since December 2021.

The GIE, which is based in Brussels and represents 70 member companies from 26 countries, provided the information from its gas grid data.

LNG supplies from the main terminals in the EU in nations such as Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Portugal and Germany plunged in May 2024.

The decline in regasified LNG flowing into gas grids dropped by a quarter to around 6.75 million tonnes.

Regasified LNG flows were also down by 13 percent compard with April 2024.

Total LNG supplies from terminals to Europe’s gas pipeline system was also lower in the January to May period 2024.

More FSRUs 

The decreased regasified LNG volumes were logged even as the EU had more terminals in operation as floating facilities came on line in Italy and Germany.

The total for the year to date though May fell by 10 percent compared with the first five months of last year to reached around 37.5MT.

Another body in the EU, the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG), said that by the end of May the share of LNG was still the largest among sources of gas supply to Europe in 2024, standing at 32 percent.

Thus compared the 28 percent of gas provided from the Norwegian Continental Shelf and another 18 percent that came from gas storage facilities.

Other sources of gas received in Europe included 10 percent recived by pipleines from Algeria.

The Algerian volumes were delivered directly to Spain or via Tunisia to Italy by way of Sicily.

The share of gas supplies from Russia and volumes via Ukraine came to 9.5 percent.

Another 2.5 percent of European gas volumes originated from the UK North Sea.

The US remained the largest supplier of LNG to import terminals in EU and the UK followed by Qatar.

The German Association of Transmission System Operators (FNB Gas) said the timetable has been set up for having a shared natural gas pipeline system with hydrogen in Germany's huge pipeline network.

The TSOs in Germany and regulated operators of gas and hydrogen transport networks are obliged by law to set up and operate the network in an equal and non-discriminatory manner.

“In order to fulfil this shared responsibility, the network operators have commissioned FNB Gas as a service provider to fulfil changeover legal tasks,” the FNB said.

The scenario framework for the first integrated gas and hydrogen network development plan is to be handed over to Germany’s Federal Network Agency on June 30, 2024.

The newly established coordination office for the integrated network development planning for gas and hydrogen (KO.NEP) has now officially begun work.

The task of the KO.NEP is to coordinate the future development of the gas and hydrogen system and to submit them to the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA) every two years.

Central contact

“It acts as the central contact for authorities and market participants on network development planning issues in the areas of gas and hydrogen and is also responsible for the creation and operation of the legally required databases for the gas and hydrogen network,” the statement added.

FNB Gas Managing Director Barbara Fischer said the body had already gained valuable experience in coordinating gas network development planning.

“We have been supporting the development of the hydrogen core network with great commitment for over a year,” explained Fischer.

“We will bring this knowledge about the processes and content of network planning in both areas into the new coordination office,” she added.

“We have put together a competent team to carry out the coordination office’s tasks,” Fischer stated.

FNB Gas has also previously outlined the future role of LNG import facilities at the coastal locations of the North Sea port of Wilhelmshaven, at Brunsbüttel on the Elbe and at the Baltic ports of Lubmin and Mukran.

Members

FNB Gas, which comes from the German words Fernleitungsnetzbetreiber, groups a dozen companies overseeing 40,000 kilometres (25,000 miles) of natural gas pipeline flows and other infrastructure.

Members of FNB Gas are the following TSOs: bayernets GmbH, Ferngas Netzgesellschaft GmbH, Fluxys TENP GmbH, Gascade Gastransport GmbH, Gastransport Nord GmbH, Gasunie Deutschland Transport Services GmbH, GRTgaz Deutschland GmbH, Nowega GmbH, ONTRAS Gastransport GmbH, Open Grid Europe GmbH, Terranets BW GmbH and Thyssengas GmbH.

The German Association of Transmission System Operators (FNB Gas) said that members were partially disappointed with the upcoming adoption of the amendment to the Energy Industry Act (EnWG) in Germany’s Bundestag to create the legal framework for the financing and integration of development planning for the nation’s natural gas and hydrogen network.

Trading Hub Europe GmbH, Germany’s market area manager for the nation’s natural gas system and now including deliveries to four LNG import destinations, has arranged a series of meetings in German and English to engage in discussions with market participants and present forthcoming changes in the German gas market.

Dutch utility Gasunie, whose network and assets include over 17,000 kilometres of pipelines in the Netherlands and northern Germany as well as stakes in Dutch and German LNG import facilities, has explained its energy security plan now that the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands is no longer active and imports of Russian gas have almost ceased.

Gasunie noted that global demand for LNG also currently exceeds supply, which means security of supply is no longer a given.

The utility said that Gasunie Transport Services (GTS) was being assigned the statutory duty to give annual advice on the security of natural gas supply and has drawn up a plan that was being presented to the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy.

“The GTS vision emphasises the importance of proactive measures to guarantee the security of natural gas supply in the short and long term, while factoring in the challenges presented by the current market and changing climatic conditions,” Gasunie explained.

“The vision still features an important role and responsibility for market parties, but does propose several extra market rules allowing for intervention if deemed necessary to guarantee security of supply,” the report added.

Gasunie has LNG import facility stakes in the Dutch Gate terminal in Rotterdam and the Eemshaven import hub in Groningen,

The utility is additionally involved in the German natural gas market and in developing the onshore LNG terminal in Brunsbüttel on the Elbe.

Guarantees

“A continuous sufficient gas supply and well-filled gas storage facilities for the winter periods are needed to guarantee security of supply,” said the report.

“The Netherlands currently depends on imports for 75 percent of its gas consumption,” it noted.

“Given the closure of the Groningen field and declining domestic production, this dependence will become even greater,” Gasunie stated.

“The Netherlands would therefore benefit from a well-functioning European internal gas market as would other EU member states,” the utility added.

There are also now likely to be additional statutory measures in the 27-nation EU to fill gas storage facilities.

As of mid-2022, supply from Russia to northwest Europe ceased almost entirely.

This is being compensated for by maximum pipeline gas imports from Norway and maximum LNG supply through the Gate terminal and the EemsEnergy Terminal throughout the year.

“This supply covers basic demand, but can barely make an additional contribution in winter,” said Gasunie.

“Since LNG supply is stable over the course of the year, it is not sufficient to allow for seasonal flexibility. All in all, this means that seasonal storage facilities will be the primary source of seasonal flexibility in the years to come, even more so than in previous years,” Gasunie declared.

Gasunie explained that although market parties determined the flows of gas flows, commercial motives were sometimes at odds with guaranteeing security of supply.

Statutory measures

Several additional statutory measures are, therefore, proposed such as establishing a statutory standard filling level for seasonal storage facilities that market parties need to adhere to.

This could also see the government designate a party to act as back up in the event that the market parties do not meet their obligations on time.

“To create sufficient supply for the long term, expanding LNG import capacity, as is currently happening at Gate and the German terminals, remains crucial for security of supply. Existing LNG plants will also need to remain available,” said Gasunie.

Gasunie warned that if the coming winters were colder than average, seasonal storage facilities would be empty quicker and that would mean that there would be “a realistic chance” of insufficient supply capacity volumes to fill seasonal storage facilities back up to the standard filling level.

“In close collaboration with the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy and other relevant stakeholders, GTS is making every effort to create a sustainable and reliable gas supply for the Netherlands,” Gasunie concluded.