LNG

The Nigeria LNG plant at Bonny Island in the Niger Delta is set for more feed gas from development of the onshore Ubeta gas field first discovered 60 years ago in the West African nation with world-class oil and gas untapped reserves.

Nigerian National Petroleum Corp., the state energy company, and French major TotalEnergies said they had agreed to develop the field at an initial cost of $550 million.

TotalEnergies is the operator of the onshore licence for the Nigerian Ubeta's gas field with a 40 percent while NNPC will own 60 percent.

The field is located about 80 kilometres northwest of Port Harcourt in Rivers state, and the current licence covers two fields currently in production, the Obagi oil field and the Ibewa gas and condensate field.

The Ubeta gas volumes will be processed at the nearby Obite gas treatment centre and supplied to both the Nigerian domestic gas market and to the Nigeria LNG plant.

Schedule

The production start-up is expected in 2027, with a plateau of 300 million cubic feet per day, or about 70,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day including condensates.

TotalEnergies, which has a 15 percent stake in the Bonny Island liquefaction and export project, said the Ubeta field would be part of and expansion of LNG output from 22 million tonnes per annum to 30 MTPA.

NNPC Chief Executive Mallam Mele Kyari said he appreciated the support from stakeholders as well as from the administration of Nigerian President Bola Tinubu.

“We appreciate presidential support for the fiscal terms of the agreement,” Kyari added.

The TotalEnergies Senior Vice President African Exploration and Production, Mike Sangster, said the Ubeta project is the latest in a series to tap associated gas from oil production.

“Ubeta fits perfectly with our strategy of developing low-cost and low emission projects, and will contribute to the Nigerian economy through higher LNG exports,’ Sangster added.

Train Seven

The Nigerian LNG plant has been in production since 1999 and the shareholders in addition to TotalEnergies are held by NNPC with 49 percent, Shell with 25.6 percent and Italy’s Eni with 10.4 percent.

The facility has capacity to producer 26 MTPA of LNG from six liquefaction Trains, though the development of a seventh LNG Train has suffered from delays.

Golar LNG Ltd, the shipping company with a small but growing fleet of floating liquefied natural gas production and project vessels including the “Hilli Episeyo” offshore Cameroon and the “FLNG Gimi” for offshore Mauritania and Senegal, has signed another FLNG accord, this time with Nigeria.

Baker Hughes, the US liquefied natural gas equipment-maker and energy services and technology company, was awarded a contract from Algerian state-owned oil and gas company Sonatrach for a gas-boosting project to supply Italy and the European Union.

The project is in the Hassi R’Mel gas field in Laghouat province of central Algeria, which produces and supplies over half of the North African nation’s natural gas.

The giant Hassi R’Mel field had been in long-term decline but this new venture is aimed at increasing gas volumes.

The project will also increase and stabilize feed-gas supplies to the Mediterranean Coast from the Hassi R'Mel hub to the port of Arzew where one of the nation’s two LNG exports plants is located. in Algeria.

System support

Baker Hughes is part of a consortium with Italian engineering company Maire Tecnimont that will supply Sonatrach with 20 compression trains to enhance the resilience of Algeria’s energy system.

“The agreement strengthens Italy-Algeria bilateral relations as Baker Hughes and Tecnimont will leverage their Italian industrial expertise to deliver on the project,” said a statement.

The contract is part of a broader order awarded to the consortium.

The signing ceremony for the contract took place in Algiers in the presence of the three company Chief Executives Rachid Hachichi of Sonatrach, Lorenzo Simonelli of Baker Hughes and Alessandro Bernini of the Maire Tecnimont group as well as Mohamed Arkab, Algeria’s Minister of Energy and Mines.

The part of Baker Hughes award comprises the supply of the 20 compression trains based on the US company’s Frame 5 gas turbine and BCL compressor technology, which will be installed across three gas boosting stations within the Hassi R’ Mel gas field.

The field is located 550 kilometres south of Algiers and is the largest gas field in Algeria and will a key source of energy supply for Algeria and the EU.

Key project

Baker Hughes CEO Simonelli said the agreement is part of an historic collaboration with Sonatrach for key energy projects.

“We have long believed that it is critical to increase gas within the overall global energy mix,” added Simonelli.

“This project helps to solve for energy producers the multi-faceted challenge of driving sustainable energy development as energy demand increases,” the CEO explained.

“ We are proud to support such a critical energy project in partnership with Tecnimont,” Simonelli stated.

Algeria became the second-largest gas supplier to Europe in 2023, further strengthening the country’s role in enhancing the energy security of the continent, particularly in Italy where Algeria represents the biggest single source of import.

The Hassi R’ Mel project is part of a broader strategic collaboration between Algeria and Italy, which includes recently signed agreements to foster bilateral cooperation and for Italy to provide financial support for Algeria’s gas production.

Mozambican President Filipe Nyusi confirmed that Islamist terrorists had occupied the town of Macomia in a northern part of Cabo Delgado, Mozambique’s province where an onshore LNG plant is being constructed further south and may now face more delays.

Air Products, the leader in supplying US liquefied natural gas technology and equipment to the world, has successfully passed the processing capacity test for the floating LNG plant offshore Mozambique that turned the southeast African nation into an energy exporter.

Côte d'Ivoire is continuing to benefit from the ramp-up of the Baleine oil and gas field as part of a world-class hub of oil, pipeline natural gas and LNG exports and imports being built out to improve economic prosperity in West Africa from Mauritania in the North to Angola in the South.

Côte d’Ivoire President Alassane Ouattara and head of Italy’s Eni announced a major offshore discovery of oil, natural and condensate with many development options for the resources.

The large discovery in block CI-205 has been named the Calao field and is the West African nation’s second-largest ever.

Eni added that only the Baleine field discovered by Eni in September 2021 was bigger.

Côte d’Ivoire President Ouattara and Eni Chief Executive Claudio Descalzi met in the capital Abidjan on March 7 to discuss the successful results of the exploration well called Murene 1X in the Calao find.

The Prime Minister of Côte d’Ivoire, Robert Beugré Mambé, and the Minister of Mines, Petroleum, and Energy, Mamadou Sangafowa-Coulibaly, also participated in the meeting.

Resource boost

The Côte d’Ivoire’s mainly oil production has varied significantly over the past two decades as existing fields have become depleted, closed for maintenance or development works and as new discoveries have been made but have needed further investment and development.

The nation’s regional neighbours to the north, Senegal and Mauritania, are currently developing floating LNG projects, while among its southern neighbours, Nigeria is an established world-scale LNG and oil exporting nation, while Cameroon has a small FLNG project in operation.

Additionally, Eni itself has just brought onstream an FLNG project in the Republic of Congo and the first cargo was shipped to Italy.

The countries of Africa intend to develop their oil and natural gas resources for the benefit of their citizens as Western nations have done for more than 100 years despite opposition to African hydrocarbon projects from environmental elites in the developed countries of Europe and North America.

The Calao discovery was described by Eni as a “very significant” one for the country.

Drilling operations took place about 45 kilometres (28 miles) offshore in block CI-205, reaching a depth of 5,000 metres in water depths of around 2,200 metres.

Analysis

“The well encountered light oil, gas, and condensates in various intervals of Cenomanian age characterized by good to excellent permeability values,” said Eni.

“Preliminary assessments indicate potential resources ranging between 1.0 billion and 1.5 billion barrels of oil equivalent,” said the Milan-based company.

Eni operates the block in partnership with the Société Nationale d'Opérations Pétrolières de la Côte d'Ivoire, also known as Petroci.

President Ouattara and Eni CEO Descalzi discussed the appraisal and development plans for the discovery, including Eni’s commitment to meet the country’s domestic needs.

Eni has operated in the Côte d’Ivoire since 2015. In addition to block CI-205, Eni holds participating interests in five other blocks in Ivorian deep waters: CI-101, CI-401, CI-501, CI-801, and CI-802, all in partnership with Petroci .

Eni currently has an equity production of hydrocarbons totalling about 22,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day from the Baleine field, which started production in August 2023. 

The Republic of the Congo in West Africa has become an LNG exporter under a project developed by Italian major Eni and the first shipment is heading for the Italian floating LNG import terminal at Piombino in Tuscany.

The President of the Republic of the Congo, Denis Sassou-N'Guesso, and the Chairman of Eni Giuseppe Zafarana and Chief Executive Claudio Descalzi celebrated the start-up at an event held the Congolese port of Pointe Noire.

“With the first cargo, the Republic of the Congo enters the group of LNG exporting countries, opening up opportunities for economic growth while contributing to the global energy balance,” said a joint statement.

The loading of the first cargo offshore the Congo makes the nation the third FLNG producer after Cameroon, located further North, and Mozambique in southeast Africa.

FLNG configuration

The “Tango FLNG” facility has a liquefaction capacity of about 1 billion cubic metres per annum and is moored alongside the “Excalibur” floating storage unit (FSU) to use a production and loading configuration called “split mooring” and implemented for the first time in an FLNG project.

Natural gas had been introduced into the system in December 2023, which was a record 12 months after the final investment decision on the project was taken in December 2022.

“The Congo LNG project encompasses the adoption of new technologies and a strong synergy with existing producing assets,” Eni explained.

Following completion of the commissioning phase, the “Tango FLNG” barge succeeded in producing the first cargo on schedule in the first quarter of 2024.

The FLNG hub is located within the Marine XII natural gas field permit area with plateau gas liquefaction capacity of around 4.5 billion cubic metres per annum.

The volumes will be marketed by Eni, strengthening and expanding the company’s LNG portfolio. 

Eni is the only international energy company active in the development of the nation’s natural gas resources, supplying pipeline gas from offshore to the Centrale Électrique du Congo, which provides 70 percent of the country's power generation capacity.

Second plant

Eni has said that a second FLNG vessel with a capacity of about 3.5 Bcm of gas was under construction and would be deployed in 2025.

The Congo FLNG project is the third venture operating in Africa after Cameroon FLNG, Mozambique FLNG and with other ventures being developed in several other nations including Nigeria.

Two more FLNG facilities are additionally being developed in joint projects for Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa and involving UK major BP and Dallas, Texas-based Kosmos Energy.

The first Senegal-Mauritania LNG shipment is scheduled to be produced by the end of 2024.

The “Tango FLNG” hull first operated in Argentina and underwent some conversion in Singapore before being sent to Africa.

The previous owner of the “Tango FLNG”, the Belgian shipping company Exmar, sold the production barge in 2022 to Eni as part of a deal valued at around $646 million

Italian major Eni said it had begun to introduce feed gas into the “Tango FLNG” floating production plant ahead of the shipping of the first cargo in a project located offshore the Republic of Congo in West Africa.

Angola, a liquefied natural gas exporter in the Atlantic Basin for more than 10 years, said it was leaving the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries because membership of the crude oil cartel was not serving its interests.